Thursday, April 18, 2024
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Sustainable tourism promotes best practices in the tourism sector to amplify the value of each destination and preserve its identity and natural essence over time.
Tourism is leisure, yet it is one of the most significant economic sectors in the world. Today, traversing to the opposite hemisphere within hours enables us to explore different cultures, relish in enchanting landscapes, and spend a few days living foreign lands. Consequently, numerous cities and lesser-known natural sites have experienced a surge in visits. While beneficial for local economies, this trend also imposes increased stress on the land.
The risks posed by unchecked tourism are particularly pronounced for fragile and delicate ecosystems and environments. This is why there is a compendium of best practices that delineate the concept of sustainable tourism. The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) defines it as “tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities.” Thus, sustainable tourism can be seen as a method of travel that puts into practice the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Discussion of this issue began precisely in 1992, stemming from the Earth Summit convened by the United Nations in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The summit aimed to lay the groundwork for a new sustainable development model. It also marked the inception of the famous COP (Conference of the Parties). Shortly after, in 1995, the first World Summit on Sustainable Tourism convened to formalize the principles underpinning this mode of travel. The Global Sustainable Tourism Charter was ratified, and in 2017, an international year was dedicated to this cause.
But what should the tourism industry prioritize? What elements, factors, or criteria define sustainability in tourism? It's important to remember that this activity, when managed effectively, yields benefits far beyond economic gain: by leveraging local resources, it reduces impact and can even contribute to the preservation of natural and cultural treasures. At the same time, it respects the socio-cultural authenticity of the destinations where sustainable tourism is practiced. Engaging with local communities fosters increased local employment opportunities. Ultimately, it's about showcasing the value of the destination and its surrounding environment as an appealing and responsible tourism option.
In 2005, the UNWTO established the objectives that now define the most widely accepted model of sustainable tourism. This model is rooted in economic viability, local prosperity, quality employment, social equity, visitor satisfaction, local governance, community well-being, cultural preservation, ecosystem integrity, biological diversity, resource efficiency, and environmental purity. It is also important to remember that sustainability begins with the journey itself, advocating for sustainable mobility. How? Through notable initiatives such as electric vehicles or flights powered by sustainable aviation fuels (SAF). These approaches are key to enjoying vacations that are more respectful of the environment and the planet.
Today is not Sustainable Tourism Day, as that is observed every September 27th, but it’s still a good day to raise awareness within the international community about the social, cultural, political, and economic significance of this activity, recognizing that the future of this industry progresses hand in hand with the mentioned SDGs.
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